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高二英语Units 13-14 (B2)学案,http://www.2xuewang.com
demand of/from向…要求; 向…索取
（4）同义词: require v.要求
反义词: supply v.提供
3．插入语用法小结
插入语在句中主要是用来表示说话人对某事物的看法. 态度和推测. 有时起到解释, 说明的作用, 有时表示总结, 有时可以用来引起对方的注意和思考. 插入语用法很多. 在句子中的位置比较灵活, 大提而言, 可以分为以下及类:
（1）用简短的句子结构作插入语.这一类有: I think, I hope, I guess. I believe, I suppose, I wonder, I tell you, I say, I’m afraid, I’m sure, you see, you know, as you know, that is, that is to say, what’s more等等, 它们可以置于句中或句尾.
如:
This diet, I think, will do good to your health.
我认为, 这个食谱对你的身体有健康有益.
It won’t be raining long, I hope.
我希望雨不会老下个不停
You will have to work harder, you know, if you want to succeed.
你当然清楚, 想成功就必须努力奋斗
（2）副词或副词断语用作插入语. 这类插入语一般放在句首或句尾.
如:
Happily for him, his father’s second wife was kind to him, too.
幸运的是, 他的继母对他也很好.
You’ll be able to pass the coming exam, surely.
可以肯定地说, 你能通过下次考试.
Honestly, I don’t need it at the moment.
说实话, 我现在还不需要它.
Luckily for him, he didn’t hurt in the accident.
（3）介词或介词断语作插入语, 这类插入语一般放在句首, 有时也可放在句中.
如:
Like most of my schoolmates, I have neither bothers nor sisters-- in other words, I’m an only child.
像大多数同学一样, 我没有兄弟姐妹, 换言之, 我是独身子女
By the way, Bob sends his best wishes.
顺便说一句鲍伯也向你问好
In short, things have begun to improve since schools were called on to reduce learning load.
简而言之., 自从学校实现减负以来, 情况开始有了改善.
（4）分词短语作插入语.
如:
Judging from your accent, you must be from England.
根据口音判断, 你准是英格兰人.
Generally speaking, be is the best student in our class.
一般说来, 他是我们班最好的学生.
Compared with China, the USA is smaller.
与中国相比, 美国略小一点
（5）不定式短语做插入语.
如:
To put it mildly, he was not up to the mark.
说得婉转些, 他的身体不算太好.
To tell you the truth, I don’t want to see her.
说实话, 我不想见她.
To conclude, it was a great
success.
总之，这是一次巨大的成功。
二、词义辨析
advantage; benefit; gain; profit的区别
advantage; benefit; gain; profit这四个词都可用作名词表示 “好处; 利益”.
（1）advantage侧重表示某人或某物在价值, 等级或地位方面的优势或好处.
如:
Her beauty proved to be of great advantage to her in her stage career.
她的美貌使她在舞台生涯中占了很大的便宜
（2）benefit侧重表示某人在身体, 智力精神或物质等方面的受益.
如:
This medicine will be of real benefit to you. Take it.
这种药对你的病会很有效的, 快吃吧.
（3）gain侧重表示物质利益方面的好处或利益, 常用复数形式.
如:
We have made some very exciting gains in the past year.
去年我们取得了可喜的收益.
（4）profit既可指物质或前财方面的收益, 亦可指一般意义上的益处.
如:
Coal and steel interests were merging for mutual profit.
煤矿和钢铁界为了共同的利益合并起来.
三、重点句型
a)It was during the “March on Washington DC” in 1963 that he gave the speech “I Have a which
inspired people of all races to fight for equality. 他Dream”,就是在1963年的 “向华盛顿进军”活动期间发表了演说<<我有一个梦想>>, 这激励着各种种族的人民为争取平等而斗争.
本句用了It was…that…强调句型, 强调的是时间状语during the “March on Washington DC” in 1963.
又如:
It was last night that John wore a white suit at the dance.
which在此引出了一个非限制性定语从句, 修饰前面的speech, which在从句中作主语.
又如:
She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth.
b)Heat capacity is the amount of energy it takes to raise the temperature of a substance one degree
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，高二英语Units 13-14 (B2)学案