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高二英语Units 19-20 (B2))学案,http://www.2xuewang.com
有一件事是确定的: 那就是这次运动绝不会接受持左翼观点的人做党的领袖.
三、重点句型
1．You might as well go stand upon the beach and argue with the sea. 你倒不如站在海滩上和大海争论.
may/might as well do sth.是固定句式, 意为 “还是做某事为好; 不如去做某事”, 用于提供建议或要求.
如:
You may as well repeat the experiment.
2．It is useless trying to argue with Shylock. 试图与夏洛克争论是没用的.
it is useless或it is (of) no use后常接动名词作真正的主语. 如:
It is no use your running away.
3．You wanted justice, so you shall get justice, more than you wanted! 你刚才要的是公正, 所以你会得到公正, 比你要的还要公正.
shall在此作情态动词, 与第二人称连用, 表示许诺. 如:
You shall have the money as soon as I get it.
4．Next to them lay a cushion stone, upon which the
man could work metal. 在它们的旁边放着一块垫东西的石头, 这个人有可能在上面锻造金属.
本句用了全部倒装结构. Next to them是介词短语作地点状语, lay是不及物动词, a cushion stone是名词作主语, 这些都是全部倒装结构的必要条件.
如:
On the stage sits a professor.
upon which引出一个非限制性定语从句.
如:
I saw a table in the corner, upon which lay a pile of books.
work此处用作及物动词, 意为 “(用手)制造或加工”.
如:
The farmer is working the soil.
四、语法复习
Review the use of “It”
一、代词
1．it的基本用法是用来指代上文所提到的事物.
如:
A: Pass me a blue pen. B: Here it is.
2．it, that, one, the one, the ones用于指代用法时的区别:
it代替上文提及的原物(复数用they); one指代上文提及的, 泛指的可数名词单数(复数ones); that指代上文提及的定指的可数名词单数或不可数名词(复数those), the ones相当于these, those.
3．指代不明身份或性别的人也用it; 指代喜爱的事物或宠物也可以用she/he.
A: Who’s it (knocking at the door)?
B: It’s me.
The crowd moves on. No one tries to stop it.
My car needs some more petrol. Let’s fill her up.
二、虚义it:
虚义it指用作没有具体语义的主语, 如表示时间, 天气, 距离, 温度等概念的用法.
When spring comes, it is getting warmer and warmer.
It is cooler in Tianjin than in Beijing.
It is only about half an hour’s ride from here to my home.
It looks as if the college is very small.
It seemed as though our plan would be perfect.
三、形式it:
由于句法结构的需要, 常用it作形式主语, 而把真正的主语后置.
1．形式主语:不定式, 动名词以及主语从句作主语时, 为避免 “头重脚轻”, 要将真正的主语后置.
It is/was difficult (easy, hard, important, necessary, useful, fit, possible, a pity, a pleasure…)
(for sb.) to do sth.;
1). It is/was kind (nice, wise, clever…) (of ab,) to do sth.;
比较:Sb. is/was angry (ashamed, delighted, disappointed, excited, glad, happy, pleased, proud, sorry,
surprised, thankful…) to do sth.;
2). It is better (interesting, tiring, enjoyable, funny, fun, a bore, a waste of time…) doing sth.;
3). It is clear (plain, true, certain, sure, obvious…) that clause +陈述语气;
4). It is important (necessary, strange, a pity…) +that clause +(should) do;
5). It is a suggestion (my with) +that clause +(should) do;
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