八年级上 Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?
一、语法:复习现在进行时态
现在分词的构成:现在分词也叫动词的ing 形式。
1、直接在动词后加ing,如:look—looking,sleep—sleeping
2、以不发音的“e”结尾的动词,去“e”再加ing,如write---writing、give---giving、have---having.
3、以“ie”结尾的动词,把“ie”变为y再加ing,如:lie---lying躺,tie---tying捆,die---dying死。
4、以一个辅音字母结尾,中间只有一个元音字母,末尾的辅音字母发它相对的辅音符号的音,双写这个辅音字母再加ing。
如:get---getting变得,sit---sitting坐,put---putting放,shop---shopping购物,stop---stopping停止,swim---swimming游泳,plan---planning计划,babysit---babysitting临时照顾,kid---kidding开玩笑。
5、某几个动词go去、come来、leave离开、move移动,fly飞 等可用现在进行时态的结构表达“将要发生”的含义。
We are leaving next week.
综合练习:
1、How often ____you _____________ ( exercise ) ? Twice a week .
What ______ Mr. Green ______ ( do ) on his day off ? He often __________
1、( visit ) his parents .
2、They are _______________ ( plan ) to plant some trees .
3、Look ,the kids _________________ ( play ) games .
4、Keep quiet ! The managers __________________ ( have ) an important meeting .
5、The train will _________________ ( arrive ) in ten minutes .
6、When _______ he ______ ( begin ) to study English ? Three years ago .
8、_______ the Smiths _____________ ( take ) a walk yesterday ?
9、It’s 6:30 now , Jim is ____________ ( get ) up .
10、Listen, a plane ____________ ( fly ) in the sky .
表示:1、现在正在发生的动作,常用的时间状语有:now现在,at this time 现在,此时,at the moment 现在,right now现在,It’s 2:51 现在是2:51。
(1)He is sleeping ( sleep) at this time.
(2)It’s 2:51. We are having (have) an English class.
2、当一个现在的动作发生时,另一个动作也同时发生,这个动作用现在进行时态。如:look看, listen听, Sh,别说话, Don’t make any noise 别制造噪音. be quiet means keep quiet保持安静。
(1)Don’t make any noise , Mr. Yu is sleeping (sleep).
(2)Listen, a plane is flying ( fly ) in the sky.
(3)Look, they are cleaning ( clean ) the park.
构成:肯定句:主语 + am、is、are + 动-ing + 其它
否定句:主语 + am is + are not + 动-ing + 其它
疑问句:Am / Is / Are+主语+动- ing + 其它
1、He is mending his car.
否:He is not mending his car.
疑:Is he mending his car?
Yes. he is . No, he isn’t.
二、短语:
1、vacation plans 度假计划 a very relaxing vacation take a long vacation 休长假
2、have a nice time, have a good time , have a happy time. enjoy oneself , have fun . 过得愉快
3、think about 考虑 4、decide on决定
5、rent videos 租碟带 6、go bike riding、ride a bike骑自行车
7、take walks、take a walk去散步 8、too long 太久
9、relax at home在家休息 10、send…from 从……寄……
11、spend time with friends和朋友一起度过时光
1. We took part in Poul’s party last night , we ___________ ( 玩得高兴 ).
2.________________ (散步) after supper is good for health .
3.On his day off , he likes ____________________ (在家休息 ) .
4.It _________________ ( 决定 ) how you deal with it .
(三)、词形关系
名词:用来做主语和宾语。主语是动作行为的执行者。宾语是动作行为的承受者。
动名词:是语法上的名词。是为了让动词能够做主语和宾语而创立的一种动词形式。动名词之后还可有它自己的宾语。
形容词:与be连用,说明主语的状态和特征。修饰名词,放在名词之前。
Be 可以和形容词、名词、介词短语、现在分词,过去分词等连用,就是不能和动词原形连用。
副词:用来修饰动词、形容词或整个句子。
动词:说明主语是什么或干什么。在句中做谓语。动词在句中做谓语时要考虑时态。不做谓语时,要考虑用动名词还是不定式。
形容词与副词的构成关系:
在形容词的后面加-ly变成副词.
polite 礼貌的 politely 礼貌地,careful细心的 carefully仔细地
以辅音字母加Yy ( Yy发[ I ] )结尾的形容词,改Yy为 Ii再加-ly 。
以辅音字母加le 结尾的形容词,去e再加-y
terrible 可怕的 terribly, simple 简单的 simply, comfortable 舒适的 comfortably
tour旅行 tourist旅行者 art艺术 artist艺术家
science科学 scientist科学家
四、词的特征:下列动词做谓语,后面的动词要加ing
finish完成、mind介意、practice练习
1、I just finished making (make) my last movies.作谓语
2、Do you mind waiting (wait)for me a moment ?
3、Practice speaking (speak)English every day.
同义词组
1、get back、come back回来 2、take a walk、take walks散步
3、ride a bike、go bike riding(ride)骑自行车
五、形容词定语后置与不定代词的修饰关系。
形容词修饰名词,放在名词之前。如:a beautiful coat. a black car.
但是形容词修饰不定代词时,必须放在不定代词的后面。叫定语后置。
1、Mom, I’m hungry. Can you give me something delicious to eat?
2、Let me tell you something important .
3、I want to travel somewhere warm.
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