教学建议Lesson 2
教学建议
Lesson 2词语辨析:
2.There was a certain mineral which was even more radioactive than uranium.
此句中的certain 是形容词,做定语,意思是"某,某一,某种,一定的",用来表达:
(1)不具体指明的某个,某些,或 知而不说的某事物,后接名词单复数形式均可。e.g.
① Water can be changed into ice or steam under certain conditions.水在一定的条件下可以变成冰或蒸汽。
②.He didn't come for a certain reason.由于某种原因,他没来。
(2) 表示一个知之不详的事物。e.g. A certain Ms Jones phoned you today. 有位琼斯女士今天给你来过电话。
certain与some 的区别:
certain , some 都可作形容词,作定语,表示"某,某个",前面说到certain 作定语表示不具体指明的某个,某些或知而不说的事物,或表示一个知之不祥的事物。而some则用来表示不确定的或不能够具体说明的某个人或某物,即不可知的某事物,只修饰单数可数名词,且不与冠词连用。e.g.
a. He went to some place in Africa. 他去了非洲的某个地方。
b. b. Some man asked to see you just now. 有个人刚才要求见你。
5. As months went by,the work seemed endless.时间一个月一个月地过去了,而他们的工作似乎并无止境。
(1)此句中go by是动词短语,意思是"(时光)逝去"(不及物性动词短语)。还可作"经过(某处)"(及物或不及物性动词短语)。e.g.
①Two years went by.两年过去了。
②We waited for the procession to go by。我们等着游行队伍经过。
③A truck went by us at full speed.一辆卡车从我们身旁全速通过。
④She let the chance go by.她错过了机会。
(2)go by还可作"依照,遵循,依据……办事"解,及物性动词短语.e.g.
He always goes by the rules.他总是按规则办事。
(3)go by还可意为"根据……作出判?quot;。e.g.
Going by her clothes,she must be very rich.从她的衣着来判断,她很有钱。
go by 与 pass by,pass的区别:
(1)go by和pass by是同义短语,都可指"经过"(某处),go by是动词+副词结构,意为"从……旁边经过,经过"。pass by意为"经过,通过,从……旁边经过",指经过人或物的面前或旁边而不停顿,也不注意所经过的人或物是谁。pass意为"经过",指在人或物的面前或旁边经过,侧重经过的动作。用pass by时,侧重不加注意的意味,但在实际上,pass和pass by常被毫无区别地使用。e.g.
①The bus went by the stop without stopping.那辆公共汽车停都没停就从汽车站开了过去。
②A car went by.一辆汽车驶过去。
③He passed by me without noticing me.他从我身边走过而没注意到我。
④I pass the church on my way to school.在我上学的路上经过教堂。
⑤She waved at me as she passed(by).她经过时向我挥了挥手。
(2)go by,pass by和pass又都可用来指时间"流逝,过去"。e.g.
①Several years went by before they met again.他们过了好几年才再次见面。
②A year passed by,and still she had not found a suitable job.一年过去了,但她仍然没找到合适的工作。
③Two years has passed since I entered this school.我进这所学校已两年了。
8.Its rays could go through every mineral except lead.它的射线可以穿透除铝以外的所有其他矿物质。
(1)此句中go through是动词短语,意思是"穿过,贯穿",后接名词。e.g.
The train went through some tunnels.火车通过了若干隧道。
(2)go through还可指"(法律等)被通过",作不及物或及物性动词短语。e.g.
①The bill has gone through without a vote.该法案未经投票表决就通过了。
②The plan must go through several stages.这项计划必须经过几个阶段才能通过。
(3)go through还可作"遭受,经历,忍受"解,及物性短语动词。e.g.
The country has gone through too many wars.这个国家经历了太多的战争。
(4)go through还可指"用掉,花掉",及物性动词短语。e.g.
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